Tare da farfadowar tattalin arzikin duniya da kuma farfaɗowar buƙatar kayayyaki masu yawa, ƙimar jigilar kaya ta ci gaba da ƙaruwa a wannan shekarar. Da isowar lokacin siyayya a Amurka, karuwar odar dillalai ya ninka matsin lamba kan sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya. A halin yanzu, ƙimar jigilar kwantena daga China zuwa Amurka ta wuce dala 20,000 a kowace kwantenar mai tsawon ƙafa 40, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama mafi girma.
Yaɗuwar kwayar cutar Delta mai saurin yaduwa ya haifar da raguwar yawan jigilar kwantena a duniya; bambancin kwayar cutar yana da tasiri sosai ga wasu ƙasashe da yankuna na Asiya, kuma ya sa ƙasashe da yawa suka dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa a ƙasa. Wannan ya sa kyaftin ɗin ya kasa juye ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da suka gaji. Kimanin ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa 100,000 ne suka makale a teku bayan wa'adin aikinsu ya ƙare. Lokacin aikin ma'aikatan jirgin ya wuce kololuwar lokacin da aka yi katangar 2020. Guy Platten, Sakatare Janar na Ƙungiyar Jiragen Ruwa ta Duniya, ya ce: "Ba mu sake fuskantar matsalar maye gurbin ma'aikatan jirgin na biyu ba. Muna cikin wani mawuyacin hali."
Bugu da ƙari, ambaliyar ruwa a Turai (Jamus) a tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa ƙarshensa, da kuma guguwar da ta faru a yankunan gabar tekun kudancin China a ƙarshen watan Yuli da kuma kwanan nan sun ƙara kawo cikas ga tsarin samar da kayayyaki na duniya wanda har yanzu bai murmure daga annobar farko ba.
Waɗannan muhimman abubuwa ne da suka haifar da sabbin hauhawar farashin jigilar kaya a cikin kwantena.
Philip Damas, babban manajan Drewry, wata hukumar ba da shawara kan harkokin teku, ya nuna cewa jigilar kwantena a duniya a yanzu ta zama wani yanayi mai cike da rudani da rashin wadatar kayayyaki; a wannan kasuwa, kamfanonin jigilar kaya da yawa na iya cajin sau huɗu zuwa goma na farashin jigilar kaya na yau da kullun. Philip Damas ya ce: "Ba mu ga wannan a masana'antar jigilar kaya ba sama da shekaru 30." Ya ƙara da cewa yana tsammanin wannan "ƙarin jigilar kaya mai yawa" zai ci gaba har zuwa Sabuwar Shekarar China a 2022.
A ranar 28 ga Yuli, Freightos Baltic Daily Index ta daidaita hanyarta ta bin diddigin farashin jigilar kaya a teku. A karon farko, ta haɗa da ƙarin kuɗaɗen da ake buƙata don yin booking, wanda hakan ya inganta bayyana ainihin kuɗin da masu jigilar kaya ke biya. Sabon ma'aunin yana nuna a halin yanzu:
Adadin jigilar kaya a kowace kwantenar da ke kan hanyar China zuwa Amurka ta Gabas ya kai dala Amurka $20,804, wanda ya fi sama da kashi 500% sama da shekara guda da ta gabata.
Kudin China-US West ya ɗan yi ƙasa da dala 20,000,
Sabon farashin China da Turai ya kusa dala $14,000.
Bayan barkewar annobar ta sake bulla a wasu ƙasashe, lokacin da wasu manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na ƙasashen waje ke juyawa ya ragu zuwa kusan kwanaki 7-8.
Hawan farashin kaya ya sa hayar jiragen ruwan kwantena ya tashi, wanda hakan ya tilasta wa kamfanonin jigilar kaya su ba da fifiko ga samar da ayyuka a kan hanyoyin da suka fi riba. Tan Hua Joo, babban mai ba da shawara na Alphaliner, wani kamfanin bincike da ba da shawara, ya ce: "Jiragen ruwa za su iya samun riba ne kawai a masana'antu masu yawan jigilar kaya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa galibi ake canja wurin karfin jigilar kaya zuwa Amurka. Sanya shi a kan hanyoyin da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar da ke tsakanin tekun Pacific! Haɓaka farashin jigilar kaya yana ci gaba da hauhawa")" Babban manajan Drewry Philip Damas ya ce wasu kamfanonin jigilar kaya sun rage yawan hanyoyin da ba su da riba sosai, kamar hanyoyin da ke kan hanyar da ke tsakanin tekun Atlantika da kuma hanyoyin da ke tsakanin Asiya. "Wannan yana nufin cewa farashin na ƙarshen yanzu yana ƙaruwa da sauri."
Masana masana'antu sun yi nazari kan cewa sabuwar annobar cutar huhu a farkon shekarar da ta gabata ta karya tattalin arzikin duniya kuma ta haifar da katsewar sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya, wanda ya haifar da hauhawar farashin kaya a teku. Jason Chiang, darektan Ocean Shipping Consultants, ya ce: "Duk lokacin da kasuwa ta kai ga abin da ake kira daidaito, za a sami gaggawa da ke ba kamfanonin jigilar kaya damar ƙara yawan kaya." Ya nuna cewa cunkoson magudanar ruwa ta Suez a watan Maris shi ma ya kasance karuwar yawan kaya da kamfanonin jigilar kaya ke yi. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan. "Umarnin sabbin gine-gine kusan daidai yake da kashi 20% na ƙarfin da ake da shi, amma dole ne a fara aiki da su a shekarar 2023, don haka ba za mu ga wani babban ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin ba cikin shekaru biyu."
Karin farashin jigilar kaya na wata-wata ya karu da kashi 28.1%
A cewar bayanan Xeneta, yawan jigilar kwantena na dogon lokaci ya karu da kashi 28.1% a watan da ya gabata, mafi girman karuwar wata-wata a tarihi. Karin da aka samu a baya a wata-wata shine kashi 11.3% a watan Mayu na wannan shekarar. Ma'aunin ya karu da kashi 76.4% a wannan shekarar, kuma bayanai a watan Yuli sun karu da kashi 78.2% a daidai wannan lokacin a bara.
"Wannan babban ci gaba ne mai ban mamaki." Shugaban kamfanin Xeneta Patrik Berglund ya yi tsokaci. "Mun ga buƙatu mai yawa, rashin isassun kayan aiki da kuma katsewar hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki (wani ɓangare saboda COVID-19 da cunkoson tashoshin jiragen ruwa) wanda ya haifar da hauhawar farashin kaya a wannan shekarar, amma babu wanda ya yi tsammanin irin wannan ƙaruwa. Masana'antar tana gudana cikin sauri."
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-10-2021