Tare da saurin haɓaka sabbin motocin makamashi a duk duniya, buƙatun kasuwa na kayan batirin lithium anode ya karu sosai. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, a cikin 2021, manyan kamfanoni takwas na masana'antar lithium baturi anode na masana'antu suna shirin fadada karfin samar da su zuwa kusan tan miliyan daya. Graphitization yana da babban tasiri akan fihirisar da farashin kayan anode. Kayan aikin kayan kwalliya a kasar Sin suna da nau'ikan da yawa, manyan makamashi, gurbataccen nauyi da kuma ƙarancin digiri na kayan aiki da kayan aiki zuwa wani lokaci. Ita ce babbar matsalar da za a warware cikin gaggawa a cikin samar da kayan aikin anode.
1. halin yanzu halin da ake ciki da kwatanta korau graphitization makera
1.1 Atchison korau graphitization makera
A cikin nau'in tanderan da aka gyara dangane da wutar lantarki na gargajiya Aitcheson makera graphitization makera, asalin tanderun an ɗora shi da ƙwanƙwasa graphite azaman mai ɗaukar kayan lantarki mara kyau (an ɗora wa ƙurar ƙura tare da albarkatun lantarki mara kyau na carbonized), asalin tanderun yana cike da dumama. kayan juriya, kayan da ke waje yana cike da kayan da aka lalata da kuma rufin bangon tanderu. Bayan electrification, wani babban zafin jiki na 2800 ~ 3000 ℃ ne generated yafi ta dumama na resistor abu, da kuma korau abu a cikin crucible ne mai tsanani a kaikaice don cimma high zafin jiki dutse inking na korau abu.
1.2. Ciki zafi jerin graphitization makera
Samfurin tanderun yana magana ne akan tanderun graphitization na serial da aka yi amfani da shi don samar da na'urorin lantarki na graphite, kuma ana haɗa nau'ikan crucible da yawa (wanda aka ɗora da kayan lantarki mara kyau) a cikin jerin dogon lokaci. Wutar lantarki duka mai ɗaukar hoto ne da kuma mai dumama, kuma na yanzu yana wucewa ta cikin crucible na lantarki don samar da zafin jiki mai zafi kuma kai tsaye yana zafi kayan lantarki mara kyau na ciki. Tsarin GRAPHITization ba ya amfani da kayan juriya, sauƙaƙe aikin aiwatar da lodi da yin burodi, da rage asarar ajiyar zafi na kayan juriya, adana amfani da wutar lantarki.
1.3 Grid akwatin nau'in graphitization tanderu
No.1 aikace-aikace yana karuwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, babban abin koyi Series acheson graphitization makera da kuma concatenated fasaha halaye na graphitizing makera, makera core na yin amfani da mahara guda na anode farantin grid abu akwatin tsarin, abu a cikin cathode a cikin albarkatun kasa, ta hanyar. duk slotted dangane tsakanin anode farantin ginshiƙi an gyarawa, kowane akwati, da yin amfani da anode farantin hatimi tare da wannan abu. Rukunin da farantin anode na tsarin akwatin kayan tare sun zama jikin dumama. Lantarki yana gudana ta hanyar lantarki na kan tanderun zuwa cikin dumama jikin wutar makera, kuma yawan zafin jiki da aka haifar yana zafi da kayan anode a cikin akwatin don cimma manufar graphitization.
1.4 Kwatanta nau'ikan tanderun graphitization guda uku
The ciki zafin jiki jerin graphitization makera shi ne kai tsaye zafi kayan ta dumama m graphite lantarki. The "Joule zafi" samar da halin yanzu ta hanyar electrode crucible ne mafi yawan amfani da su zafi kayan da crucible. Gudun dumama yana da sauri, rarraba zafin jiki iri ɗaya ne, kuma ingancin thermal yana da girma fiye da tanderun Atchison na gargajiya tare da dumama kayan juriya. Grid-akwatin graphitization makera fa, tã a kan abũbuwan amfãni daga ciki zafi serial graphitization makera, kuma rungumi dabi'ar da pre-gasa anode farantin da ƙananan farashi kamar dumama jiki. Idan aka kwatanta da tanderun graphitization na serial, ƙarfin lodi na grid-box graphitization grid ya fi girma, kuma ana rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki a kowane samfurin naúrar daidai da haka.
2. Development shugabanci na korau graphitization makera
2.1 Inganta tsarin bangon kewaye
A halin yanzu, Layer rufin thermal na tanderun graphitization da yawa an cika shi da baƙin carbon da coke mai. Wannan bangare na kayan da aka rufe a lokacin samar da iskar oxygen mai zafi mai zafi yana ƙonewa, duk lokacin da loading daga buƙatar maye gurbin ko ƙarin kayan haɓaka na musamman, maye gurbin tsari na yanayi mara kyau, babban ƙarfin aiki.
Za a iya la'akari da a shi ne don amfani da musamman high ƙarfi da kuma high zafin jiki ciminti masonry bango sandar adobe, inganta overall ƙarfi, tabbatar da bango a cikin dukan aiki sake zagayowar kwanciyar hankali a nakasawa, bulo kabu sealing a lokaci guda, hana wuce kima iska Ta hanyar tubali bango. fasa da haɗin gwiwa rata a cikin tanderun, rage hadawan abu da iskar shaka kona asarar insulating abu da anode kayan;
Na biyu shi ne shigar da overall girma mobile rufi Layer rataye a waje da tanderun bango, kamar yin amfani da high-ƙarfi fiberboard ko alli silicate jirgin, da dumama mataki taka wani tasiri sealing da kuma rufi rawa, da sanyi mataki ne dace don cire domin. saurin sanyaya; Na uku, an saita tashar samun iska a cikin kasan tanderun da bangon tanderun. Tashar iska ta karbi tsarin tubalin da aka riga aka tsara tare da bakin mace na bel, yayin da yake tallafawa masonry na ciminti mai zafi, da kuma la'akari da sanyaya iska mai tilastawa a cikin lokacin sanyi.
2. 2 Haɓaka tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar simintin lamba
A halin yanzu, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na wutar lantarki mai graphitization mara kyau ana yin shi bisa ga gwaninta, kuma ana daidaita tsarin graphitization da hannu a kowane lokaci gwargwadon yanayin zafin jiki da tanderun, kuma babu ƙa'idodin gama gari. Haɓaka yanayin dumama na iya ƙarara rage ƙimar amfani da wutar lantarki da tabbatar da amintaccen aiki na tanderun. YA KAMATA KA KAFA MISALIN NUMERICAL NA daidaita allura ta hanyar kimiyya bisa ga yanayi daban-daban na iyakoki da sigogi na zahiri, da alaƙar da ke tsakanin halin yanzu, ƙarfin lantarki, jimlar iko da rarraba zafin jiki na ɓangaren giciye a cikin tsarin graphHItization ya kamata a bincika, don haka kamar yadda don tsara yanayin dumama mai dacewa da ci gaba da daidaita shi a cikin ainihin aiki. Kamar yadda a farkon matakin watsa wutar lantarki shine amfani da babban wutar lantarki, sannan a rage wutar da sauri sannan a hankali tashi, wutar lantarki sannan a rage wutar har zuwa karshen wutar.
2. 3 Tsawaita rayuwar sabis na crucible da dumama jiki
Baya ga amfani da wutar lantarki, rayuwar crucible da hita kuma kai tsaye yana ƙayyade farashin graphitization mara kyau. Domin graphite crucible da graphite dumama jiki, da samar management tsarin na loading fita, m iko na dumama da sanyaya kudi, atomatik crucible samar line, ƙarfafa sealing hana hadawan abu da iskar shaka da sauran matakan ƙara crucible sake amfani da sau, yadda ya kamata rage farashin graphite. yin ciki. Bugu da kari ga sama matakan, da dumama farantin Grid akwatin graphitization makera kuma za a iya amfani da a matsayin dumama abu na pre-gasa anode, lantarki ko gyarawa carbonaceous abu da high resistivity don ceci graphitization kudin.
2.4 Kula da iskar gas da kuma amfani da zafi mai sharar gida
Gas ɗin hayaƙin da ake samarwa yayin graphitization galibi ya fito ne daga abubuwan da ba a taɓa gani ba da samfuran konewa na kayan anode, ƙonawar iskar carbon, zubar iska da sauransu. A farkon farawar tanderu, ƙura da ƙura suna tserewa da yawa, yanayin taron ba shi da kyau, yawancin masana'antu ba su da ingantattun matakan magani, wannan ita ce babbar matsalar da ke shafar lafiyar sana'a da amincin masu aiki a cikin samar da wutar lantarki mara kyau. Ya kamata a kara yunƙurin yin la'akari da yadda ake tattarawa da sarrafa iskar gas da ƙura a cikin taron bita, da kuma ɗaukar matakan samun iska mai ma'ana don rage zafin bitar da inganta yanayin aiki na bita na graphitization.
Bayan da bututun hayaki za a iya tattara ta cikin hayaki a cikin konewa dakin gauraye konewa, cire mafi yawan kwalta da ƙura a cikin hayakin hayaki, ana sa ran cewa zafin jiki na flue gas a cikin dakin kona sama da 800 ℃, da kuma Za a iya dawo da sharar zafin hayakin hayaki ta hanyar tukunyar tukunyar zafi mai zafi ko mai musanya zafi. Hakanan ana iya amfani da fasahar ƙonawa ta RTO da ake amfani da ita a cikin maganin hayaki na kwalta na carbon don tunani, kuma iskar gas ɗin kwalta tana mai zafi zuwa 850 ~ 900 ℃. Ta hanyar konewar ajiya mai zafi, kwalta da abubuwan da ba su da ƙarfi da sauran polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons a cikin iskar gas suna oxidized kuma a ƙarshe sun lalace cikin CO2 da H2O, kuma ingantaccen ingantaccen tsarkakewa zai iya kaiwa sama da 99%. Tsarin yana da tsayayyen aiki da ƙimar aiki mai girma.
2. 5 Tsaye m m graphitization makera
A sama da aka ambata da yawa irin graphitization makera ne babban tanderu tsarin na anode abu samar a kasar Sin, na kowa batu ne lokaci-lokaci samar da wani lokaci, low thermal yadda ya dace, loading fita yafi dogara da manual aiki, da mataki na aiki da kai ba high. Za'a iya haɓaka irin wannan murhun murhun murhun wutar lantarki mai kama da madaidaiciya ta hanyar nuni ga ƙirar murhun murhun man fetur na coke calcination makera da tanderun calcination na bauxite. Ana amfani da juriya na ARC azaman tushen zafi mai zafi, kayan ana ci gaba da fitarwa ta wurin nauyi nasa, kuma ana amfani da tsarin sanyaya ruwa na al'ada ko tsarin sanyaya gas don kwantar da kayan zafi mai girma a cikin wurin fitarwa, da tsarin isar da foda na pneumatic. ana amfani dashi don fitarwa da ciyar da kayan a waje da tanderun. Nau'in FURNAce na iya gane ci gaba da samarwa, ana iya yin watsi da asarar ajiyar zafi na jikin tanderun, don haka ana inganta haɓakar thermal sosai, fitowar da fa'idodin amfani da makamashi a bayyane yake, kuma cikakken aikin atomatik na iya zama cikakke. Babban matsalolin da za a warware su ne fluidity na foda, da uniformity na graphitization digiri, aminci, zafin jiki saka idanu da sanyaya, da dai sauransu An yi imani da cewa tare da cin nasara ci gaban da tanderun zuwa sikelin masana'antu samar, shi zai sa kashe wani juyin juya hali a filin korau electrode graphitization.
3 harshen kulli
Tsarin sinadarai na graphite shine babbar matsala da ke addabar masana'antun batirin anode na lithium. Babban dalilin shi ne har yanzu akwai wasu matsaloli a cikin amfani da wutar lantarki, farashi, kariyar muhalli, digiri na atomatik, aminci da sauran abubuwan da ake amfani da su na tanderu na lokaci-lokaci. A nan gaba Trend na masana'antu ne zuwa ga ci gaban da cikakken sarrafa kansa da kuma shirya watsi ci gaba da samar da makera tsarin, da kuma goyon bayan balagagge da kuma abin dogara karin tsari wurare. A wannan lokacin, matsalolin graphitization da ke addabar kamfanoni za su inganta sosai, kuma masana'antar za ta shiga wani lokaci mai tsayin daka, wanda zai haɓaka saurin haɓaka sabbin masana'antu masu alaƙa da makamashi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-19-2022