Amfani da Graphite a Aikace-aikacen Lantarki

Ikon Graphite na musamman na gudanar da wutar lantarki yayin da yake watsawa ko canja wurin zafi daga muhimman abubuwan da ke cikinsa ya sa ya zama babban abu don aikace-aikacen lantarki, gami da semiconductor, injunan lantarki, har ma da samar da batura na zamani.

1. Nanotechnology da SemiconductorsYayin da na'urori da na'urorin lantarki ke ƙara ƙanƙantawa, na'urorin nanotube na carbon suna zama ruwan dare, kuma suna tabbatar da cewa su ne makomar nanotechnology da masana'antar semiconductor.

Graphene shine abin da masana kimiyya da injiniyoyi ke kira Layer ɗaya na graphite a matakin atomic, kuma waɗannan siririn yadudduka na graphene ana naɗe su ana amfani da su a cikin nanotubes. Wannan wataƙila saboda kyawun wutar lantarki da ƙarfin da kayan ke da shi da kuma taurin da yake da shi.

An gina bututun carbon na yau da rabon tsayi zuwa diamita har zuwa 132,000,000:1, wanda ya fi girma fiye da kowane abu. Bayan amfani da shi a fasahar nano, wanda har yanzu sabo ne a duniyar semiconductors, ya kamata a lura cewa yawancin masana'antun graphite suna yin takamaiman matakan graphite ga masana'antar semiconductor tsawon shekaru da yawa.

2. Injinan Wutar Lantarki, Janareta da Masu Canzawa

Ana kuma amfani da kayan carbon graphite akai-akai a cikin injunan lantarki, janareto, da masu juyawa a cikin nau'in burushin carbon. A wannan yanayin, "goga" na'ura ce da ke gudanar da wutar lantarki tsakanin wayoyi marasa motsi da haɗin sassan motsi, kuma yawanci ana sanya ta a cikin shaft mai juyawa.

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3. Dashen Ion

A yanzu ana amfani da Graphite da yawa a masana'antar lantarki. Ana amfani da shi a cikin dasa ion, thermocouples, makullan lantarki, capacitors, transistors, da batura.

Dasa ion wani tsari ne na injiniya inda ake hanzarta ions na wani abu a cikin filin lantarki kuma ana shafa su zuwa wani abu, a matsayin nau'in dasawa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen samar da microchips ga kwamfutocinmu na zamani, kuma atom ɗin graphite yawanci suna ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan atom da ake sakawa cikin waɗannan microchips ɗin da aka yi da silicon.

Baya ga rawar da graphite ke takawa wajen samar da ƙananan na'urori masu kwakwalwa, yanzu ana amfani da sabbin abubuwa da aka gina bisa graphite don maye gurbin na'urorin lantarki na gargajiya da transistor. A cewar wasu masu bincike, graphene na iya zama madadin silicon gaba ɗaya. Ya fi ƙaramin transistor silicon sirara sau 100, yana gudanar da wutar lantarki yadda ya kamata, kuma yana da halaye na musamman waɗanda za su iya zama da amfani sosai a cikin lissafin kwantum. Hakanan an yi amfani da Graphene a cikin na'urorin lantarki na zamani. A zahiri, ana tsammanin graphene supercapacitors sun fi ƙarfin capacitors na gargajiya sau 20 (suna sakin 20 W/cm3), kuma suna iya ninka ƙarfin batirin lithium-ion na yau sau 3.

4. Batir

Idan ana maganar batura (busasshen cell da lithium-Ion), kayan carbon da graphite suma sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a nan. A yanayin busasshen cell na gargajiya (batura da muke amfani da su a rediyo, tocila, na'urorin nesa, da agogo), wani ƙarfe mai amfani da wutar lantarki ko sandar graphite (cathode) yana kewaye da manna mai laushi na electrolyte, kuma duka an lulluɓe su a cikin silinda na ƙarfe.

Batirin lithium-ion na zamani na yau ma suna amfani da graphite - a matsayin anode. Tsoffin batirin lithium-ion suna amfani da kayan graphite na gargajiya, amma yanzu da graphene ke samun sauƙin samu, ana amfani da anode na graphene yanzu - galibi saboda dalilai biyu; 1. anode na graphene yana riƙe da kuzari mafi kyau da kuma 2. yana alƙawarin lokacin caji wanda ya ninka batirin lithium-ion na gargajiya sau 10 cikin sauri.

Batirin lithium-ion mai caji yana ƙara shahara a kwanakin nan. A yanzu ana amfani da su a cikin kayan aikinmu na gida, na'urorin lantarki masu ɗaukuwa, kwamfyutocin tafi-da-gidanka, wayoyin komai da ruwanka, motocin lantarki masu haɗaka, motocin sojoji, da kuma a aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya.


Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-15-2021