Ka'idar aiki na ultra-high power (UHP) graphite electrodes ta dogara ne da farko akan al'amarin fitar da baka. Yin amfani da ƙayyadaddun halayen lantarki na musamman, juriya mai zafi, da kaddarorin inji, waɗannan na'urorin lantarki suna ba da damar ingantacciyar jujjuyawar makamashin lantarki zuwa makamashin thermal a cikin mahalli mai zafi mai zafi, ta haka ne ke motsa tsarin ƙarfe. A ƙasa akwai cikakken bincike na ainihin hanyoyin aiwatar da su:
1. Fitar Arc da Canjin Makamashi zuwa Wutar Lantarki
1.1 Injin Samar da Arc
Lokacin da aka haɗa na'urorin graphite UHP cikin kayan aikin narkewa (misali, murhun wutan lantarki), suna aiki azaman kafofin watsa labarai masu gudanarwa. Fitar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi yana haifar da baka na lantarki tsakanin tip ɗin lantarki da cajin tanderun (misali, tarkacen ƙarfe, taman ƙarfe). Wannan baka yana kunshe da tashar plasma mai gudanarwa ta hanyar ionization gas, tare da yanayin zafi sama da 3000 ° C - wanda ya zarce yanayin zafi na al'ada.
1.2 Ingantacciyar Isar da Makamashi
Zafin zafin da baka ya haifar yana narkar da cajin tanderu kai tsaye. Mafi kyawun halayen lantarki na lantarki (tare da tsayayya kamar ƙasa da 6-8 μΩ·m) yana tabbatar da ƙarancin ƙarancin kuzari yayin watsawa, haɓaka amfani da wutar lantarki. A cikin tanderun wutar lantarki (EAF) ƙera ƙarfe, alal misali, na'urorin lantarki na UHP na iya rage zagayowar narkewa da sama da 30%, haɓaka haɓaka aiki sosai.
2. Kayayyakin Kayayyaki da Tabbacin Aiki
2.1 Ƙarfafa Tsarin Tsarin Tsayi Mai Girma
Juriyar yanayin zafin na'urorin lantarki suna fitowa daga tsarinsu na crystal: Layered carbon atoms suna samar da hanyar sadarwa ta haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar haɓakar sp², tare da ɗaure interlayer ta hanyar sojojin van der Waals. Wannan tsarin yana riƙe da ƙarfin injina a 3000°C kuma yana ba da juriya na musamman na thermal (tare da juriya na zafin jiki har zuwa 500°C/min), fin ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarfe.
2.2 Juriya ga Faɗawar thermal da Rarraba
Wutar lantarki ta UHP suna nuna ƙarancin haɓakar haɓakar thermal (1.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C), rage girman sauye-sauye a yanayin zafi da kuma hana samuwar tsaga saboda damuwa mai zafi. Juriyarsu mai raɗaɗi (ikon yin tsayayya da nakasar filastik a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai girma) an inganta ta ta hanyar zaɓin kayan albarkatun ƙasa na allura da kuma tsarin zane-zane na ci gaba, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali mai girma yayin aiki mai ɗaukar nauyi mai tsayi.
2.3 Oxidation da Juriya na Lalata
Ta hanyar haɗa maganin antioxidants (misali, borides, silicides) da amfani da suturar ƙasa, zafin ƙaddamar da iskar oxygen na lantarki yana haɓaka sama da 800°C. Rashin rashin kuzarin sinadari a kan narkakken slag yayin narkewa yana rage yawan amfani da lantarki, yana tsawaita rayuwar sabis zuwa sau 2-3 na na'urorin lantarki na al'ada.
3. Daidaituwar Tsari da Inganta Tsarin Tsarin
3.1 Yawan Yanzu da Ƙarfin Ƙarfi
Wutar lantarki ta UHP tana goyan bayan ɗimbin yawa na yanzu sama da 50 A/cm². Lokacin da aka haɗa su tare da manyan injinan wuta (misali, 100 MVA), suna ba da damar shigar da wutar lantarki ta tanderu ɗaya wanda ya wuce 100 MW. Wannan ƙirar tana haɓaka ƙimar shigarwar thermal yayin narkewa-misali, rage yawan amfani da makamashi kowane tan na silicon a samar da ferrosilicon zuwa ƙasa da 8000 kWh.
3.2 Amsa mai ƙarfi da Sarrafa Tsari
Tsarin narke na zamani yana amfani da Smart Electrode Regulators (SERs) don ci gaba da lura da matsayi na lantarki, sauyin yanayi, da tsayin baka, kiyaye ƙimar amfani da lantarki tsakanin 1.5-2.0 kg/t karfe. Haɗe tare da lura da yanayin tanderu (misali, ƙimar CO/CO₂), wannan yana haɓaka ingancin haɗaɗɗiyar cajin lantarki.
3.3 Haɗin Tsarin Tsari da Haɓaka Haɓaka Ƙarfi
Aiwatar da na'urorin UHP na buƙatar kayan aikin tallafi, gami da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi (misali, haɗin kai tsaye 110 kV), igiyoyi masu sanyaya ruwa, da ingantattun rukunin tarin ƙura. Fasahar dawo da zafi mai sharar gida (misali, murhun wutar lantarki da ke kashe iskar gas) yana haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfin gabaɗaya zuwa sama da 60%, yana ba da damar yin amfani da makamashin cascading.
Wannan fassarar tana kiyaye daidaiton fasaha yayin da ake bin ƙa'idodin ilimi/masana'antu, yana tabbatar da tsabta ga ƙwararrun masu sauraro.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-06-2025