A cikin tsarin samar da coke mai siffar graphitized, yana da mahimmanci a sarrafa mahimman sigogi masu zuwa daga zaɓin kayan masarufi, kafin a fara magani, tsarin graphitization zuwa bayan an gama magani don tabbatar da ingancin samfurin ƙarshe:
I. Zaɓin Kayan Danye da Maganin Kafin A Yi
Abubuwan da ke cikin sulfur
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Yawan sinadarin sulfur da ke cikin man fetur da aka sarrafa ya kamata ya zama ≤0.5%. Coke mai yawan sulfur zai iya haifar da faɗaɗa iskar gas yayin graphitization, wanda hakan ke haifar da fashewar samfura.
- Tasiri: Kowace raguwar sinadarin sulfur da kashi 0.1% yana rage saurin fashewa da samfurin da kashi 15%-20% kuma yana rage juriya da kashi 5%-8%.
Abubuwan da ke cikin Toka
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Yawan toka ya kamata ya zama ≤0.3%, manyan ƙazanta sune ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe, silicon, da calcium.
- Tasiri: Kowace ƙaruwar toka da kashi 0.1% ke yi, tana ƙara juriyar samfur da kashi 10%-15%, kuma tana rage ƙarfin injina da kashi 8%-10%.
Rarraba Girman Barbashi
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Coke mai siffar granular yakamata ya zama ≥80%, yayin da coke mai siffar powder (girman barbashi <0.5 mm) yakamata ya zama ≤20%.
- Tasiri: Yawan shan coke mai foda zai iya haifar da yin caking yayin shan calcination, wanda ke shafar cire abubuwa masu canzawa; ingantaccen daidaito na coke mai granular yana rage yawan amfani da makamashin graphitization da kashi 5%-10%.
Tsarin Calciting
- Zafin jiki: 1200-1400°C na tsawon awanni 8-12.
- Aiki: Yana cire abubuwa masu canzawa (daga 8%-15% zuwa <1%) kuma yana ƙara yawan gaske (daga 1.9 g/cm³ zuwa ≥2.05 g/cm³).
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Dole ne ainihin yawan sinadarin calcination ya kasance ≥2.08 g/cm³; in ba haka ba, wahalar graphitization tana ƙaruwa, kuma juriya tana ƙaruwa.
II. Tsarin Zane-zane
Kula da Zafin Jiki
- Ma'aunin Ma'auni: 2800-3000°C, an kiyaye shi na tsawon awanni 48-72.
- Tasiri:
- Kowace ƙaruwar zafin jiki a digiri 100 na Celsius tana ƙara yawan lu'ulu'u da kashi 5%-8% kuma tana rage juriya da kashi 3%-5%.
- Rashin isasshen zafin jiki (<2700°C) yana haifar da ragowar carbon mara tsari, tare da juriyar samfurin >15 μΩ·m; zafin jiki mai yawa (>3100°C) na iya haifar da lalacewar tsarin carbon.
Daidaiton Zazzabi
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin tsakiyar tanda da gefen ≤150°C, tare da tazara tsakanin thermocouple ≤30 cm.
- Tasiri: Kowace ƙaruwar bambancin zafin jiki a digiri 50°C tana faɗaɗa bambancin juriya na gida da kashi 10%-15% kuma tana rage yawan amfanin samfur da kashi 5%-8%.
Yawan Dumamawa
- Ma'aunin Kulawa:
- Matakin zafi: ≤3°C/h (don hana tsagewar zafi).
- Matakin 800-1250°C: ≤5°C/h (don haɓaka tsarin carbon da aka tsara).
- Tasiri: Yawan dumama yana haifar da raguwar yawan samfurin fiye da kashi 15%, wanda ke haifar da tsagewa.
Yanayi Mai Kariya
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Yawan kwararar nitrogen na 0.8-1.2 m³/h, ko amfani da yanayin argon/vacuum.
- Aiki: Hana iskar shaka da rage kazanta (misali, iskar shaka tana raguwa daga 0.5% zuwa <0.1%).
III. Bayan Jiyya da Tsarkakewa
Saurin Sanyaya
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Rage sanyaya ≤20°C/h bayan an yi amfani da graphitization.
- Tasiri: Sanyaya cikin sauri yana haifar da damuwa ta zafi da ta rage, yana rage juriyar girgizar zafi da samfurin da kashi 30%-50%.
Murkushewa da Nunawa
- Ma'aunin Kulawa: Girman barbashi D50 da aka sarrafa a 10-20 μm, tare da murfin saman (misali, ajiyar tururi ko sinadarai) daidaiton kauri ≤5%.
- Aiki: Yana inganta yanayin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana ƙara yawan samfurin (daga 0.8 g/cm³ zuwa ≥1.2 g/cm³).
Maganin tsarkakewa
- Tsarkakewar Halogen: Iskar Cl₂ tana amsawa a zafin 1900-2300°C na tsawon awanni 24, wanda hakan ke rage yawan dattin zuwa ≤50 ppm.
- Tsarkakewar Injin Tsaftacewa: Ana kiyaye shi a injin tsabtace ...
IV. Takaitaccen Bayani game da Mahimman Mahimman Mahimman Mahimman Ma'auni
| Sigogi | Ma'aunin Kulawa | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|
| Abubuwan da ke cikin sulfur | ≤0.5% | Yana hana tsagewar da iskar gas ke haifarwa; yana rage juriya da kashi 5%-8% |
| Abubuwan da ke cikin Toka | ≤0.3% | Yana rage dattin ƙarfe; yana rage juriya da kashi 10%-15% |
| Zafin Zafin Graphitization | 2800-3000°C na tsawon awanni 48-72 | Yana ƙara yawan lu'ulu'u da kashi 5%-8%; yana rage juriya da kashi 3%-5% |
| Daidaiton Zazzabi | Furnace core-gefen 温差 ≤150°C | Yana inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa da kashi 5%-8%; yana rage bambancin juriya da kashi 10%-15% |
| Saurin Sanyaya | ≤20°C/h | Yana ƙara juriya ga girgizar zafi da kashi 30%-50%; yana rage damuwa ta ciki |
| Abubuwan da ke cikin Tsarkakewa | ≤50 ppm (halogen), ≤10 ppm (vacuum) | Yana biyan buƙatun masana'antu masu inganci (misali, semiconductors, photovoltaics) |
V. Hanyoyin Fasaha da Umarnin Ingantawa
Tsarin Ultrafine Control: Haɓaka fasahar shirya foda na coke mai nauyin 0.1-1 μm don haɓaka isotropy da rage juriya zuwa <5 μΩ·m.
Tsarin Masana'antu Mai Wayo: Aiwatar da tsarin sarrafa yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi na dijital tagwaye don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa zuwa kashi 95%.
Tsarin Kore: Yi amfani da hydrogen a matsayin mai rage hayakin CO₂; yi amfani da fasahar dawo da zafi daga sharar gida don rage amfani da makamashi da kashi 10%-15%.
Ta hanyar sarrafa waɗannan sigogi sosai, coke ɗin man fetur mai hoto zai iya cimma yawan sinadarin carbon ≥99.9%, juriya na 5-7 μΩ·m, da kuma yawan faɗaɗa zafi na 1.5-2.5×10⁻⁶/°C, wanda zai biya buƙatun aikace-aikacen masana'antu masu inganci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-12-2025