Ana iya inganta amfani da makamashi da kuma matsalolin fitar da carbon a cikin samar da electrodes na graphite ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin magance matsaloli masu girma dabam-dabam:
I. Gefen Kayan Danye: Inganta Tsarin Dabara da Fasahar Sauyawa
1. Sauya Allura Coke da Inganta Ratio
Elektrodes ɗin graphite masu ƙarfin gaske suna buƙatar allurar coke (mai yawan lu'ulu'u da ƙarancin yawan faɗaɗa zafi), amma samar da shi yana cinye makamashi fiye da man fetur. Daidaita rabon allurar coke da man fetur coke (misali, tan 1.1–1.2 na allurar coke a kowace tan na samfuran lantarki masu ƙarfin gaske) na iya rage yawan amfani da makamashin kayan masarufi yayin da ake ci gaba da aiki. Misali, manyan electrodes masu ƙarfin gaske masu girman 600mm da aka haɓaka a Chenzhou sun rage fitar da CO₂ daga aikin ƙarfe na lantarki na ɗan gajeren lokaci da sama da 70% ta hanyar ingantaccen rabon kayan.
2. Ingantaccen Ingancin Binder
Ana amfani da kwal a matsayin abin ɗaurewa kuma yana ɗauke da kashi 25%–35% na kayan da aka yi amfani da su, yana barin ragowar kashi 60%–70% kawai bayan yin burodi. Yin amfani da abin ɗaurewa da aka gyara ko ƙara nanofillers na iya inganta ingancin ɗaurewa, rage amfani da abin ɗaurewa, da kuma rage hayaki mai canzawa yayin yin burodi.
II. Bangaren Tsari: Sabbin Kirkire-kirkire na Tanadin Makamashi da Rage Amfani
1. Inganta Amfani da Makamashi ta Graphitization
- Tanderu Mai Zane-zane Na Cikin Gida: Idan aka kwatanta da tanderun Acheson na gargajiya, wannan yana rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da kashi 20%–30% ta hanyar dumama electrodes a jere tare da kayan juriya, wanda ke rage asarar zafi.
- Fasahar Graphitization Mai Ƙanƙantar Zafi: Haɓaka sabbin abubuwan ƙarfafawa ko inganta hanyoyin sarrafa zafi don rage zafin graphitization daga 2,800°C zuwa ƙasa da 2,600°C, rage yawan amfani da makamashi a kowace tan da 500–800 kWh.
- Tsarin Farfado da Zafin Sharar Gida: Amfani da zafin sharar tanderu mai zane don kayan da aka riga aka dumama ko samar da wutar lantarki yana inganta ingancin zafi da kashi 10%-15%.
2. Sauya Man Fetur na Gasa
Sauya mai mai nauyi ko iskar gas ta kwal da iskar gas ta halitta yana ƙara ingancin konewa da kashi 20% kuma yana rage fitar da hayakin CO₂ da kashi 15%–20%. Tanderun yin burodi masu inganci tare da fasahar dumama mai layi-layi suna rage yawan amfani da mai, suna rage yawan amfani da mai da kashi 10%–15%.
3. Sake yin amfani da daskare da kuma sake amfani da mai cikawa
Abubuwan da aka gyara na sanya sinadarin pitch (tan 0.5–0.8 a kowace tan na electrodes) na iya rage zagayowar sanya sinadarin ta hanyar fasahar sanya sinadarin a cikin injin. Yawan sake amfani da sinadarin coke ko na quartz yashi yana kaiwa kashi 90%, wanda hakan ke rage yawan amfani da kayan da ke ciki.
III. Gefen Kayan Aiki: Haɓakawa Mai Hankali da Manyan Sikeli
1. Manyan Tandunan Wuta da Sarrafawa ta atomatik
Manyan tanderun lantarki masu ƙarfi (UHP) waɗanda aka sanye da tsarin sarrafa impedance da kuma sa ido kan wutar lantarki suna rage yawan karyewar lantarki zuwa ƙasa da kashi 2% da kuma rage amfani da makamashi a kowace tan da kashi 10%–15%. Tsarin isar da wutar lantarki mai hankali yana daidaita ƙarfin lantarki da kololuwar halin yanzu bisa ga matakan ƙarfe da hanyoyin aiki, yana guje wa asarar iskar shaka mai amsawa.
2. Ci gaba da Gina Layin Samarwa
Ci gaba da samarwa daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe, tun daga niƙa kayan da aka ƙera zuwa injina, yana rage yawan amfani da makamashi a matsakaici. Misali, dumama tururi ko lantarki a cikin tsarin haɗawa yana rage yawan amfani da makamashi a kowace tan daga 80 kWh zuwa 50 kWh.
IV. Tsarin Makamashi: Wutar Lantarki Mai Kore da Gudanar da Carbon
1. Karɓar Makamashi Mai Sabuntawa
Gina masana'antu a yankuna masu wadataccen albarkatun hasken rana ko iska da kuma amfani da wutar lantarki mai kore don yin amfani da graphitization (wanda ke lissafin kashi 80%–90% na jimlar wutar lantarki da ake samarwa) na iya rage fitar da hayakin carbon a kowace tan daga 4.48 zuwa ƙasa da tan 1.5. Tsarin adana makamashi yana daidaita canjin wutar lantarki, yana inganta amfani da wutar lantarki mai kore.
2. Kama Carbon, Amfani, da Ajiya (CCUS)
Kama iskar CO₂ da ake fitarwa yayin yin burodi da kuma yin graphitization don samar da lithium carbonate ko man fetur na roba yana ba da damar sake amfani da carbon.
V. Hadin gwiwar Manufofi da Masana'antu
1. Kula da Ƙarfi da Haɗakar Masana'antu
Rage yawan amfani da makamashi mai yawa da kuma haɓaka yawan masana'antu (misali, kashi 17.18% na hannun jarin Fangda Carbon) yana amfani da tattalin arziki mai girma don rage yawan amfani da makamashi na naúrar. Ƙarfafa haɗin kai tsaye, kamar samar da makamashin da Fangda Carbon ke samarwa da kansa na kashi 67.8% na coke da aka yi da calcined da allurar coke, yana rage yawan amfani da makamashin da ake amfani da shi wajen jigilar kayayyaki.
2. Ciniki da Carbon da kuma Kudi Mai Kyau
Haɗa farashin carbon a cikin farashin kayayyaki yana ƙarfafa rage fitar da hayaki. Misali, bayan da Japan ta fara binciken hana zubar da shara kan na'urorin lantarki na graphite na China, kamfanonin cikin gida sun haɓaka fasahohi don rage nauyin harajin carbon. Fitar da takardun kuɗi na kore yana tallafawa sake fasalin adana makamashi, kamar wani kamfani yana rage rabon bashi-da-kadara ta hanyar musayar bashi-da-daidaito da kuma samar da kuɗaɗen bincike da haɓaka wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin zafi.
VI. Nazarin Shari'a: Tasirin Rage Fitar da ...
Hanyar Fasaha: Inganta rabon coke na allura + tanda ta cikin jerin zane-zane + dawo da zafi na sharar gida.
Kwatanta Bayanai:
- Yawan wutar lantarki: An rage daga 5,500 kWh/tan zuwa 4,200 kWh/tan (↓23.6%).
- Fitar da hayakin Carbon: An rage daga tan 4.48 a kowace tan zuwa tan 1.2 a kowace tan (↓73.2%).
- Kuɗi: Kuɗin makamashi na raka'a ya ragu da kashi 18%, wanda hakan ya ƙara ƙarfafa gasa a kasuwa.
Kammalawa
Ta hanyar inganta kayan aiki, kirkire-kirkire, haɓaka kayan aiki, sauyin makamashi, da kuma daidaita manufofi, samar da lantarki na graphite zai iya cimma raguwar amfani da makamashi da kashi 20% zuwa 30% da kuma rage fitar da hayakin carbon da kashi 50% zuwa 70%. Tare da ci gaba a fannin graphitization mai ƙarancin zafi da kuma amfani da wutar lantarki mai kyau, masana'antar tana shirin kai kololuwar fitar da hayakin carbon nan da shekarar 2030 da kuma cimma daidaiton carbon nan da shekarar 2060.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-06-2025