A masana'antar lantarki ta aluminum, ta yaya ake amfani da coke mai siffar graphitized petroleum coke don yin tubalan cathode da manna anode? Waɗanne fa'idodi ne yake da su fiye da coke mai siffar calcined petroleum coke?

Binciken Amfani da Fa'ida na Coke-Cola mai siffar graphitized a Masana'antar Aluminum Electrolysis

I. Amfani da Coke na Man Fetur Mai Graphitized a cikin Toshe-toshe na Cathode da Manna Anode

1. Samar da toshen cathode
Coke mai siffar graphitized petroleum coke shine babban kayan da ake amfani da shi wajen kera tubalan carbon na cathode mai siffar graphitized. Bayan an yi amfani da shi wajen yin graphitization mai zafi a kusan digiri 3000 na Celsius, tsarkin carbon ɗinsa ya wuce kashi 98%, kuma yawan sinadarin yana ƙaruwa sosai, wanda hakan ke samar da tsarin lu'ulu'u na graphite mai tsari sosai. Wannan tsari yana ba tubalan cathode masu zuwa halaye masu zuwa:

• Ingantaccen juriya ga zaizayar ƙasa ta sodium: Tsarin da aka yi wa graphitized mai tsabta yana hana shigar sodium yadda ya kamata yayin electrolysis na aluminum, yana tsawaita rayuwar sabis na cathode.
• Ingantaccen amfani da wutar lantarki: Graphitization yana rage juriya sosai, yana rage raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a ƙasan tantanin halitta da kuma rage yawan amfani da makamashin samar da aluminum da kusan 5%–10%.
• Ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafi: Ƙarancin faɗaɗawa a yanayin zafi mai yawa yana rage haɗarin fashewa da damuwa ta zafi ke haifarwa.

2. Shiri na Manna Anode
A cikin man shafawa na anode, coke mai graphitized galibi yana aiki azaman ƙarin carbon da kayan aikin sarrafawa, tare da tasirin masu zuwa:

• Ingantaccen amfani da wutar lantarki: Tsarin graphitized yana haɓaka rarraba wutar lantarki iri ɗaya, yana rage yawan ƙarfin anode.
• Ingantaccen juriya ga iskar shaka: Ƙarancin sinadarin sulfur (yawanci <0.06%) yana rage tsagewar da iskar gas ke haifarwa yayin amsawa da CO₂, yana rage yawan amfani da anode a kowace tan na ƙarfe (misali, raguwar kashi 12% a aikace-aikacen wani kamfani).
• Tsarin ramukan da aka inganta: Graphitization yana rage porosity na pitch coke, yana ƙara yawan anode da ƙarfin injina.

II. Manyan Fa'idodin Coke na Man Fetur Mai Graphitized Fiye da Coke na Man Fetur Mai Calcined

Fa'idodi na Musamman:
1. Inganta Ayyukan Electrochemical

• Juriyar coke mai siffar graphitized ya yi ƙasa da kashi 30%–50% idan aka kwatanta da coke mai siffar calcined, wanda hakan ke rage yawan amfani da makamashin ƙwayoyin lantarki. Misali, a cikin electrodes na allurar coke mai tsawon mm 750, ƙarfin lantarki ya wuce na coke na yau da kullun sau uku, wanda ke inganta ingancin yin ƙarfe zuwa mintuna 25 a kowace tanda.
• Ƙarancin sinadarin sulfur yana rage hulɗa tsakanin anodes da electrolytes masu ɗauke da fluoride, yana rage kumburi da iskar gas ke haifarwa da kuma tsawaita rayuwar anode.

2. Inganta Kadarorin Inji

• Graphitization yana ƙara taurin abu da juriya ga girgizar zafi. A cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi na aluminum electrolysis, ƙimar faɗaɗa zafi na tubalan cathode mai graphitized ya yi ƙasa da kashi 30% fiye da na coke mai calcined, yana rage lalacewar tsarin daga canjin yanayin zafi.
• Yawan gaske mai yawa (≥2.18 g/cm³) yana ƙara ƙanƙantar abu, yana rage shigar ruwa a cikin aluminum da kuma lalacewar sodium.

3. Fa'idodin Muhalli da Tattalin Arziki

• Rage sinadarin sulfur yana rage fitar da hayakin SO₂, wanda hakan ke cika ka'idojin muhalli. Misali, masana'antar aluminum da ke amfani da coke mai ƙarancin sulfur ta rage fitar da hayakin SO₂ a kowace tan na aluminum da kashi 15%.
• Duk da tsadar da aka samu (kimanin sau 1.5-2 na coke mai calcined), tsawaita tsawon rai da ƙarancin amfani da makamashi sun daidaita jarin farko. Misali, tsawon rayuwar toshe cathode ya karu daga shekaru 5 zuwa 8, wanda ya rage farashin gaba ɗaya da kashi 20%.

III. Lambobin Aikace-aikace da Tallafin Bayanai

• Masana'antar Aluminum Electrolysis: A duk duniya, ana amfani da kashi 70% na coke mai calcined don anodes na aluminum electrolysis, amma kasuwanni masu tsada (misali, cathodes mai graphitized) suna ƙara ɗaukar coke mai graphitized. Wani kamfani ya rage yawan amfani da anode daga 420 kg/t-Al zuwa 370 kg/t-Al bayan ya ɗauki cathodes mai graphitized, wanda hakan ya ceci RMB miliyan 200 a kowace shekara.
• Masana'antar Karfe: Na'urorin lantarki na allurar coke mai tsawon mm 750 suna ɗauke da kwararar wutar lantarki 100,000 A sun sami ingancin yin ƙarfe na mintuna 25 a kowace tanda, tare da ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki sau uku fiye da na yau da kullun.
• Sashen Ajiyar Makamashi: Coke da aka gyara da sinadarin calcined ya inganta rayuwar zagayowar carbon mai tauri da zagayowar 400, wanda hakan ya sa ya samu karbuwa a kasuwannin batirin sodium-ion.

IV. Kammalawa

Coke mai siffar graphitization, ta hanyar amfani da graphitization mai zafi, yana nuna tsarki, wutar lantarki, da kwanciyar hankali na zafi idan aka kwatanta da coke mai siffar calcined, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da tubalan cathode na aluminum mai ƙarfin gaske da kuma samar da man shafawa na musamman na anode. Duk da tsadar da ya yi, tsawon rayuwarsa, ingancin makamashi, da fa'idodin muhalli sun sanya shi a matsayin abu mai mahimmanci don haɓaka masana'antar aluminum. Ci gaban da za a samu a nan gaba a fasahar graphitization (misali, maganin zafin jiki mai tsanani a 3000°C) zai ƙara faɗaɗa aikace-aikacensa zuwa graphite mai ƙarfin nukiliya, anodes na batirin lithium-ion, da sauran fannoni na zamani.